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1998
Nr. 8/1998
Psihologia sportului de performanta - teorie si practica – (The psychology of performance sport - theory and practic)
Mihai EPURAN
Rezumat: Consideram ca nu exista specialist care sa nu admita faptul ca psihologia este astazi implicata in realizarea marilor performante. Incercam in aceasta lucrarea sa-l ajutam pe antrenorul preocupat de autoperfectionare, dar si de realizarea sportivilor ca adevarate personalitati umane, sa cunoasca si sa inteleaga fundamentele psihologie ale sportului si sa se poata orienta in alegerea celor mai bune mijloace si metode de realizare a obiectivelor-idealuri alese.
Formarea profesorilor de educatie fizica si sport intre necesitati si realitati (Formation of physical education and sport teachers between necessities and realities)
Vasile MARCU
Rezumat: Momentul actual al invatamantului romanesc este unul dintre cele mai propice reformei. Consideram ca si in formarea profesorilor de educatie fizica si sport este momentul unei abordari in sensul eficientizarii acesteia. La peste 75 ani de invatamant superior de specialitate, credem ca este momentul unei atentii speciale privind nu numai locul si rolul profesorului de educatie fizica in societate ci si diversificarea extraordinara a locurilor si rolurilor acestuia. Sa fim realisti si sa acceptam ideea ca noi pregatim activitatea pentru scoli speciale, pentru functionarul sportiv, pentru cercetarea stiintifica, pentru manager, pentru specialistul mass-media, pentru utilizarea profilactica si terapeutica a exercitiului fizic etc.
Summary: The current moment of the Romanian learning system is one of the most favorable to the reform and the reorganisation. We also consider that in the formation of physical education and sports teachers it is time to approach its efficiency. After more than 75 years of high level education in this field, we belive that the moment requires special attention regarding not only the place and also the extraordinary variation his/her places and roles. We must be realistic and accept that we nowadays train the same specialists both for the physical education in school, and for the sporting activity for all, for initiation, for training, for the disabled, for special school, for the sports officials, for scientific research, for managers, for mass-media specialists, for prophylactic
Changes in whole glutathione in plasma and blood cells of wrestlers subject to a high intensity exercise
Agnieszka ZEMBRON-EACNY, Kazimierz SZYSZKA
Rezumat: Glutathione (g-glutamylcysteinglycine) discovered in 1888 by de RaeyPailhade, is a key compound of the g-glutamyl cycle that performs any function in cells. among which there are removal of free radicals, detoxication of e1ectrophillc compounds, keeping sulfhydryl groups of proteins in a reduced state (2). In each of these reactions glutathione takes an active part directly reacting with oxidants and toxins or indirectly being a co-factor of such enzymes as a glutathione peroxydase or a glutathione S-transferase (2). Glutathione (GSH) is present in all eucariotic cells in cytoplasm and In mitochondria (ca 10",,(,). The intracellular concentration of the reduced form (GSH) equals from 1 mM in muscle cells to 10 mM in the eye lens and tops several times the concentration of other molecular thiol compounds (13). It Is also present In extracellular fluid, like blood plasma, lymph, and urine. however, Its concentration is lower as compared to that In intracellular fluids. Large amounts of It are in bRe. In the central nervous system it is found in glia cells and nerve endings; nerve cells contain scanty amounts of it (13).
The participation of glutathione in reactions of the g-glutamyl cycle is connected with its transfer into an oxidised form: a disulphlde (GSSG). The enzyme that catalyses the reaction of GSSG reduction, referred to as a regeneration reaction by Kosower. is a glutathione reductase (7). Because of it, the GSH-GSSG form ratio is maintained at the fixed level, e g in red cells it equals 200:1. i e 99.5% of the glutathione is in a reduced form. The reduction process is associated with the pentose cycle (e g erythrocytes) or with the Krebs cycle (8 g hepatocytes). which are a source of NADPH it being a proton donor (2, 13).
Studii privind profilul hormonal si lipidic la gimnaste de inalta performanta aflate in perioada de antrenamente intensive si suplimentare proteica cu SUPROR BRAND ISOLATED SOY PROTEIN (Studies regarding the hormones and lipids profiles in high performance female gymnasts during the period of intensive training and during supplying with SUPROR BRAND ISOLATED SOY PROTEIN)
loan DRAGAN si colab
Rezumat: Valori initial crescute ale Iipidelor plasmatice (Grupul B), si ale AGL (Grupul si B) si le colesterolului total plasmatic (Grupul B) peste Iimitele superioare. Nivel intial scazut al TSH seric (Grupele A si B), ale hGH serie (Grupul A). ale LH seric (Grupul A) si nivel intial crescut al cortisolului serie (Grupele A si B). Efortul intensiv si suplimentarea proteiea au indus: cresterea hGH serie in Grupil A si scaderea in Grupul B; prabusirea LH si FSH Tn ambele grupe sub placebo, chiar sub Iimitele fiziologice (Grupul A). Valori normale ale testelor renale si hepatice, in ambele grupe, ceea ce susline teza potrivit careia suplimentarea proteica insotita de antrenamente intensive nu produce tulburari in functia celor doua organe. Isolated soy protein pare sa exercite o actiune protectoare impotriva hipofunctiei tiroidiene si sexuale si a stresului indus de antrenamente intense, de durata. Bazati pe aceste date metabolice si hormonale ca si pe cele ale unor studii anterioare (6. 12, 13, 17) se poate contura profilul lipidic si hormonal al acestor gimnaste iar pe de alta parte se sustine efectul benefic al suplimentarii proteice in timpul unor antrenamente intensive (probabil diminuarea stresului metabolico-hormonal) atat in pregatirea biologica de concurs cat si in accelerarea refacerii metabolice post-efort
Summary:20 top female gimnasts took part in a study to document their fat and hormonal profile and to investigate any changes resulting from s 16 weeks program of trenuous trening dan daily supply with soy protein ()1g/kg boddy mass(. Gimnastis were randomly assign to one two groups: group A (n=10), supplemented group and group B (n=10), placebo group. Both group took part in the same program of strenuous trening, controlled food intake and vitamins and minerales supplements. After 16 weeks and a free interval (4 weeks) we apply the cross over method (group A received placebo metabolic and hormonal tests (initially, after 16 weeks, on rest) included measurements of: body mass index, lean body mass (kg and %), fat mass (kg and %/), serum hemoglobin, protein, fat (total serum fat, triglycerides, free fatty acids, total cholesterol, atherogenic index, LDL etc. Our conclusions suggest a lower metabolic-hormonal stress in these gymnasts undergioing strenuous trening and receiving SuproR Brad isolated soy protein supply and pay ous attention an their fat and hormonal profile and concequently on the adequate methogolody of training(n=10))
Comportamentul glicemiei in efort (The glycemia behaviour during effort)
Gheorghe DUMITRU
Rezumat: In effort, in general, dar mai ales in eforturile prelungite, riscul hipoglicemiei este real. In cazul copiilor prepubertari, se pare chiar ca mentinerea constanta a glicemiei in efort este si mai dificila.
Aparitia hipoglicemiei afecteaza performantele in primul rind prin perturbarea functiilor SNC, desi ea actioneaza negativ si prin faptul ca accelereaza ritmul in care muschii isi consuma glicogenul propriu.
Tendinta la hipoglicemie se poate explica in mod simplist prin jocul dintre RAG si RDG (vezi lista de abrevieri). in realitate mecanismele de reglare a glicemiei in efort sunt mult mai complicate, si tin de evolutia unor hormoni (insulina, glucagon, cateholamine), care actioneaza atat .asupra ofertantului de glucoza (ficatul), cit si asupra consumatorului principal de glucoza (muschii). Datele cele mai recente arata insa. ca acsti hormoni nu au un comportament liniar, nivelul fiecaruia dar si raporturile dintre ei (importante si ele) evoluand specific, la inceputul efortului, pe parcursul aceatuia si respectiv, in ultimele lui faze, cind incepe sa se instaleze oboseala/epuizarea.
Summary: Usually it accepted that diet represents a critical factor of performance in sport, of course besides detection and specific training. For the time this was suggested in 1939 by Christensen and Hansen, but it was effectively proved only after 1962 when Bergstrom introduced muscular biopsy technic.
As concerns the difference between the effect of CHO, lipids and proteins supplementation evidence has bean provided that most important for performance are CHO. And this is because while exercising both muscle glycogen and plasma glucose are exidized by skeletal muscle to supply energy.
During exercise and especially during the prolonged ones the appearance of hypoglycemia is a real risk, and was suggested that this risk is more pronounced in the case of pre-pubescent children. First of all the maintenance of euglycemia ia very important for the subject performing exercise because it is proved that hypoglycemia alters central nervous system activity. On the other hand although the underlying mechanisms are uncertain, there appears to be a gradual shift from intramuscular glycogen toward bloodborne glucose as the predominant carbohydrate energy source, as exercise proceeds and as muscle glycogen id depleted. The most evident explanation of the decline in plasma glucose concentration is the rate of glucose appearance. and the rate of its disappearance ratio. But it is clear that other more complex mechanism are responsible for glucose regulation and that these mechanisms are related with the evolution of some hormones during exercise. Thus it Is well documented that insulin, glucagon and catecholamines have an evident influence both on the liver (responsible for maintaining the availability of glucose, i.e. plasma glucose concentration), and on the skeletal muscle. which represents the principal consumer of blood glucose. The problem is that the most recent data indicated a nonlinear comportment of these hormones, and that their specific level as also the ratio between them are different.
Imitatia in activitati corporale (Imitation in body activities)
Monica STANESCU
Rezumat: In literatura psihologica este recunoscuta contributia pe care o are imitatia la dezvoltarea psihomotricii a copilului. Desi are un statut controversat, fiind definita ca instinct sau forma a invatarii sociale, specialistii ii recunosc imitatiei marea valoare in insurea unei game largi de comportamente. Actionand de la varste foarte mici, chiar 5-6 luni, prin forme specifice, imitatia asigura adaptarea copilului la solicitarile mediului extern. Nu de putine. ori observam copii careimita miscarile adultilor sau incearca sa reproduca executiile campionilor din lumea sporutlui. In teoria si practica exercitiilor fizice, este recunoscut rolul deosebit de important al informatiilor vizua/e in dobandirea de noi comportamente. Important si interesant pentru practicienii domeniului este insa sa se stabileasca cum reuesc copiii sa transpuna in miscari proprii actiuni motrice vazute la un model, si cum se pot exploata constient si eficient mecanismele care stau la baza acestei transpuneri.
Summary: In psychological literature is well recognized the important role at the Imitation in the children's psychomotor developement, Even it has a disputed statute being defined as instinct or as social learning form, imitation haas a great value in appropriation or many behaviors. Operating since very early ages, 5-6 months, trough its specifically aspects, imitation assures the children's adaptation to the extern stimulus. After we can see children that imitate the grownups movements and gesture or try to imitate the champion 'a executions. In the physical exercises theory and practice, la accepted the role or the visual Information in the acquisition or the new behaviors. More important and Interesting for the practitioners is to know how the children transpose in their own movements motor skills observed to a model and how could be used, consciously and efficiently, the mechanisms that support this
Motivatia la granita dintre educatie fizica si sport (Motivation at the border between physical education and sport )
Adriana ANTONIALE, Leonardo ANTONIALE
Rezumat: Prezentul studiu stabileste structura de ansamblu si ierarhia motivelor ca variabile care influenteaza si determina intr-o masura considerabila angajarea si prestatia motrica a celor care practica exercitiile fizice in scop competitiv.
Summary: The prezent study establisc the general structure and motivation hierarchy, commitmant and motric results of those executing psysical for competitional purpose.
The future kinetotherapist - between aspiration and expectation
Oana DINU, Alice PAVEL, Monica STANESCU
Rezumat:Necesitatea pregatirii unor specialisti in domeniul recuperarii medicale a dus la aparitia unor sectii de kinetoterapie in centrele universitare importante ale tarii. Acesti specialisti beneficiaza de un statut bine definit, recunoscut pe plan national si international. Am initiat un studiu pentru a surpinde cateva aspecte legate de nivelul de aspiratie, intelectual, social si profesional, raportat la posibilitatile concrete de realizare, la studentii de la sectia de kinetoterapie din cadrul ANEFS Bucuresti, anii II si III.
Cronica manifestarilor stiintifice (The chronicle of scientific manifestations)
Nr. 9/1998
Psihologia sportului de performanta - teorie si practica (The psychology of performance sport- theory and practice)
Mihai EPURAN
Rezumat: Pe primul plan al dezvoltarii teoretico-metodologice a psihologiei sportului se afIa transplantul de idei din cibernetica, teoria informatiei, teoria sistemelor, praxiologie si a1tele. Progresul insusi al psihologiei, prin noile concepte si teorii, ca teoria constructelor personale (Kelly), cognitivismul (Neisser, Festinger), teoria actiunii (Parsons., Kotarbinschi, Nitsch), teoria controlului (Carvin), teoria atribuirii (Heider, Kelley) etc., a condus la schimbarea la fata a psihologiei sportului. Au aparut astfel noi"constructe", formulari de alt gen ale obiectivelor de pregatire si maximizare a sportivilor, o tehnologie anumita a realizarii obiectivelor si o deplasare mult mai accentuata spre "priza de constiinta" a sportivului, spre obiectivele si tehnicile de autoevaluare si autoreglare
Istoric privnd studiul longitudinal al potentialului biomotric al
populatiei prescolare si scolare intre anii 1969 -1996 (History regarding the longitudinal study of the biomotrical potential of the population under the school age and the population of school age between 1969 and 1996)
Letitia MICLESCU.
Rezumat: Lucrarea „Potentialul biomotric al elevilor si prescolarilor din cls.I-IV, V-VIII si IX-XII" a fost initiata de N. Alexe, Mazilu Virgil, Focseneanu A. si Wilk Erwin. In anul 1969 a aparut dupa o perioada indelungata de documentare prima lucrare si a cuprins in final 11 lucrari intr-un ciclu longitudinal, intre 1969-1996. Este prezentata si metodologia folosita, precum si concluziile.
Summary: The work "Biomotrical potential of the children under the school age and pupils from I to IV grades, V to VIII grades, and IX to XlI grades was initiated by Nicu Alexe, Mazilu Virgil, Focsaneanu Alexandra and Wilk Erwin. In 1969 appeared, after a long period of documentation, the first part. The total work finally included 11 parts in a longitudinal cycle, between 1969, and 1996. The methodology used and the findings of the papers are presented.
Imaginea despre sine - axul principal de structurare a personalitatii sportivului de performanta (Image about seif - the main axis of structuring the Performance athlete's personality)
Mariana DODAN
Rezumat: Studiul prezinta aspecte cu privire la formarea imaginii de sine a sportive/or gimnaste (junioare) de performanta. Cercetarea s-a desfasurat pe un lot alcatuit din 28 gimnaste (12-14 ani): lotul A - 14 gimnaste de inalta performanta, componente ale Lotului National de Gimnastica si lotul B - 14 gimnaste de performanta medie, componente ale Clubului sc Studiul prezinta aspecte cu privire la formarea imaginii de sine a sportive/or gimnaste (junioare) de performanta. Cercetarea s-a desfasurat pe un lot alcatuit din 28 gimnaste (12-14 ani): lotul A - 14 gimnaste de inalta performanta, componente ale Lotului National de Gimnastica si lotul B - 14 gimnaste de performanta medie, componente ale Clubului sco/ar nr. 2 si ale Clubului "Steaua" din Bucuresti. Datele obtinute au fost corelate cu cele referitoare la personalitatea sportivilor.
o/ar nr. 2 si ale Clubului "Steaua" din Bucuresti. Datele obtinute au fost corelate cu cele referitoare la personalitatea sportivilor.
Summary: The study presents same aspects regarding the developement of the self image at the high performance junior gymnasts. The research sample has 28 gymnasts (12-14 years): sample A - 14 gymnasts with high performances, members in the National Gymnastic Team and sample B 14 gymnasts with average performances, members in the Scholar Sports Club nr. 2 and in the "Steaua" Club Bucharest. The results have been correlated with informations regarding their personality
Capabilities of sports clubs for development under the circumstances of privatization (Capabilities of sports clubs for development under the circumstances of privatisation)
Aleksandar RAIC, Darko KALAJDZIC, Djordjije RADOVANOVIC
Rezumat: During the process of transition in Yugoslavia, the position of sport as sociocultural and business system has essentially changed. In a relatively short period of time, system of funds for financing sports associations has disappeared Basic forms of economy organization became - out of the total of 217.654 in September 1995 private enterprises (152.854) and joint stock companies reaching the total of 51.512, out of which 47.446 associations with limited responsibility. The share of stately owned organizations in the gross domestic product of F.R.Yugoslavia was reduced to 38,57% In 1994, whereas the share of private (33,18%) and mixed ownership (26,41 %) became dominant in establishing economic relationships in Yugoslavia
In previous circumstances sports organizations were sponsored by fiscal transfer and administrative allocation of financial funds by means of centralized system of interest communities for physical culture (210 at the level of municipality and four at the level of the republic and province). In actual circumstances, sports organizations found themselves in the whirlwind of market competition of thousands of potential investors of their competition and recreation programs. Struggle for sponsors has become the main aim of 4668 sports organizations, which existed in F.R.Yugoslavia by the end of the preceding decade. Instead of one main municipal investor, an average sports club has been faced with a very complex situation of market communication with approximately 50 potential, small and large investors-sponsors of different ownership status
Manifestari psihocomportamentale la subiectii traumatizati (Psycho-behavioural displays in injured subjects)
Eugen R. CARACAS
Rezumat: Progresul stiintei a condus la o mai clara integrare a domeniului, a gravitatii si cauzelor care determina traumatismele. In acelasi timp, medicina sportului si-a marit aria de multidisciplinaritate orientandu-se spre aspecte/e medicinei comportamentului. Sunt prezentate manifestari psihocomportamenta/e la subiectii traumatizati, la care psihologia sportului are ocontributie remarcabila privind sanatatea si echilibrul psihic al personalitati sportivului, orientandu-se inc/usiv spre aspecte/e de profi/axie si cand este nevoie de terapie psihica.
Summary: The progress of science led to a clear understanding of domain, seriousness and causes that determine the traumatism. In the same time, the medicine of sport enlarged the aria of multidisciplinary directing to the aspects of medicine of conduct. There are presented psychobehavioural manifestation at the traumatically subjects, at which the sport's psychology has a remarkable contribution about health and mental balance of sportman personality directing also to the aspects of prophylaxis and when necessary to the mental therapy.
Efectele deshidratarii asupra unor parametri fiziologici la fotbalistii juniori (Effects of dehydration on some physiological parameters in junior soccer players)
G. FOCAN, Gh. DUMITRU………………………………………………………………..53
Rezumat: Studiul incearca sa arate cum si in ce masura poate influenta deshidratarea anumiti parametri fiziologici (frecventa cardiaca, temperatura bucala, greutatea corporala) o diferite momente ale jocului de fotbal. Sase fotbalisti juniori in varsta de 17±O, 6 ani, avand un V02 max de 65,1±4, 1ml 02/kg corp/min si o vechime in pregitire de 3,2±1,4 ani, au fost investigati cate trei pe zi pe parcursul a sase jocuri amica/e. Fiecare jucator a fost testat pe rand in trei conditii experimenta/e diferite (deshidratare, hipohidratare-SO% si rehidratare "ad-litum). Scaderea in greutate a subiectilor a fost cu mult mai mare in conditiile deshidratairii fata de hipohidratare si rehidratare "ad-libitum" (2,5±O,1 kg fata± de 1,5±0,4 kg si respectiv 1,3±,1kg), reprezentand 4,06% fata de 2,48% si respectiv 3,12% din greutatea corpora/a. Rata deshidratarii consemnata in ce/e trei conditii experimenta/e a fost aproximativ identica (1,1-1,2/,h), iar comportamentul FC nu s-a modificat semnificativ nici chiar cand s-a ingerat apa. In conc/uzie studiul dovedeste ca deshidratarea produce importante modificari la nive/ul functiilor cardiovasculare si termoreglatoare si in consecinta induce diminuarea performanle/or de efort, asttel incat este bine ca efecte/e deshidratairii sa fie limitate si contracarate in timp util.
Summary: The study try to reveal how and in what measure can dehydration influence some physiological parameters (heat rate, oral temperature, bodily weight )in different moments of football game. Six 17,6±0,6 years old junior footballers, with a V02 max up to 65,1 ±4, 1 ml 02/kglmin and trained since 3,2±1,4 years, were examined three by day during six friendly games. Every player was tested, one by one, in three different experimental conditions (dehydretion,hypohydresion-50% and rehydresion "ad libitum". Subjects loosing weight was bigger in the case of dehydration comparing with hypohydration "'ad-libitum"(2,S±0,3kg comparing with 1,5±0,4 kg, respectively 1,3±0,1kg),representing 4,06% comparing with 2,48% and respectively 2,12% of bodily weight. Dehydration rate reported in the three experimental conditions was identical approximately (1,1-1,21/h) and the behavior of FC was not modified significantly ever when they ingested water. In conclusion the study proves that dehydration produces important modifications at the level of cardiocirculatory and thermoregulatory functions and consequently induces effort performances diminution, so that it is recommended to limit and to counteract dehydration effects at time.
Nr. 10/1998
Evolutia si interpretarea conceptului de dopaj (Doping concept evolution and interpretation)
loan DRAGAN
Rezumat: Afacerea FESTINA izbucnita cu ocazia turului ciclist al Frantei 1998 va insangera anul sportiv 1998, an dominat de Coupe du Monde (fotbal) cucerita fara drept de apel de echipa Frantei, invingatoare cu 3-0 in finala din 12.07.1998, sustinuta pe Stade de France (Paris) impotriva Braziliei!
Informatie si psihic (Information and psyche)
Florentina TONITA
Rezumat: Procesualitatea psihica este analizata in prezent din punctul de vedere al ciberneticii, teoriei informatiei, teoriei generale a siatemelor. Prin prisma acestei perapective psihicul este interpretat ca o modalitate particulara de realizare a comunicarii informationale. In articol sunt prezentate. corespondentele dintre informafie si psihic, precum si cateva aspecte legate de filtrarea informafiilor in procesul de comunicare.
Summary: The psychical processes are analyzed at present from the systems general theory, information theory and cybernetics point of view. The psychic is interpreted like a particular modality to realize the informational communication. Here are presented the correspondences between information and psychic as well as some aspects concerning information's filtration during the communication process
Modelling sports development: An investigation approach (Modelling sports development: An investigation approach)
Aleksandar RAIC, Radovan VUKOVIC ……………….17
Rezumat: The current investigation approaches to the sports development in the science of sport do not satisfy contemporary needs in managing the sport organizations. Common approaches in mentioned research field are limited by the kynesiologistic concepts. These concepts reduce sports science at narrow vocational aspects of training and competition processes. That means that the sport understands as a closed system, which behaves and develops as a bio-organic entity. Trying to explain the complex nature, factors and possibilities of strategic management the sport as an opened socio-cultural system, we follow subsequent statements: First, the development of ever; sport is determined by progress of its competition top level elite. This is connected with characteristics of training technology, usage of equipment, medicine and psychological scientific results, and effectiveness of overall sport management including the system of sport institutions (clubs, federations, leagues, etc.). Second, the rise of sport elite is caused by the set of environmental factors, too. Such factors are: the family and its investment strategies for its young members, the fan population and all associated interest groups (sponsors, including government, media and business environment). Third, only the investigation of sport's development, which brings together, both above mentioned aspects of sport as an open system, could lead to fruitful scientific results.
Aspecte privind raspunderea penala in activitatea sportiva (Aspects concerning penal responsability in the sports activity)
Alexandru-Virgil VOICU
Rezumat: Este cunoacut ca, obiectivelor prioritare ale Academiei Olimpice
Romane, pentru indeplinirea carora, de fapt, acestea s-au constituit, se refera la promovarea olimpismului, a spiritul de fair-play, a nonvioilntei, a atitudinilor antidoping. Se considera, de asemenea, ca indeplinirea acestor obiective poate proteja sportul si sportivii de influentele negative care nu au nimic comun cu principiile olimpismului, cu etica sportiva, cu valorile unei democratii reale. Realitatea ultimilor ani, de pe terenurile de sport, determina 0 reconsiderare a rolului pe care il are Academia Olimpica Romana, in sensul ca se impune ca aceasta structura a sportului romanesc sa contribuie si la realizerea unei educatii juridice a participantilor la activitatea sportiva - numai asttel vom putea aprecia realizerea obiectivelor, la care ne-am referit, in coordonate eticiente. Elaborarea, in acest sens, a unei noi strategii, va contribui si la fundamentarea morala a legislatiei sportului romanesc.
Summary: It is known the fact that the prior objects of The Romanian Academy that were made in order to carry them out, these objects refer to the promotion of Olympics, of the fair-play spirit, of the nonviolence of the anti-doping attitudes. It is also taken into account the fact that by carrying out these objects the sports and the sportsman will be protected against the negative influences that have nothing in common with the principles of the Olympics, with the sports ethic, with the values of a real democracy. The reality, in the recent years, from the sports grounds makes us to reconsidered the role of The Romanian Olympic Academy, meaning that this structure of the· Romanian sports has also to contribute to the achievement of juridical instruction of the participants in the sports activity· only in this way we can appreciate the achievement of the objects we have referred to on efficient coordination. Thus, elaborating a new strategy will also contribute to the moral foundation of the Romanian sports legislation
Criterii neconventionale de selectie in sport - tir (Sports selection non-conventional criteria - shooting)
Marian TEODORU
Rezumat: Studiul de fataface parte dintr-o cercetare ampla privind problematica criteriilor neconventionale (en) ce pot reliefa anumite disponibilitati ale unor subiecti care doresc sa practice sau practica diferite discipline sportive, in cazul noatru tirul sportiv. aceasta este a doua cercetare (propusa de noi) in acest domeniu si se refera la grupele sanguine (gs) ca indicatofi. al realizarii performantei sportive.
Summary: The present study is a part of an ample research concerning the NON-conventional criteria· problems which can set off some availabilities in subjects that want to practice or practice already different sports branches, in this case sport shooting. this is the second research (which we proposed) in this field and it refers to the blood groups as an indicator of the sports performance realization.
Studiul privind continutul tehnico-tactic al pregatirii fotbalistilor juniori prin folosirea aparaturii ajutatoare ce asigura optimizarea instruirii (Study concerning the technico-tactical content of the junior football players training using support implements that guarantee training. optimisation)
Ioan STELESCU
Rezumat: Experimentul a foat realizat cu echipa de juniori "Alb-Rosu" din Frankfurt in 24 de lectii. Antrenamentul se realizeaza cu ajutorul jaloanelor, panourilor mici si portilor mici, descrise in lucrare. La antrenament se mai tolosesc. fise si tabele care inregistreaza evolutia si progresul subiectilor. Analiza acestor tipuri de exercitii prin folosirea metodelor amintite duce la concluzia ca numarul mare de repetari, intensitatea si atractivitatea exercitiilor prin dezvoltarea atenfiei si deciziei favorizeaza implementarea acestor factori tehnici si a altor componente de antrenament.
Summary: The author carried out the experiment with the junior team of the Rot-Weiss Club in Frankfurt period in 24 lessons, the object being training improvement by using aids (polles, the smell panel, the small gate), these being referred to, in this paper. The other aids which are not included in this paper, consisted of detailed files and tables, recording the evolution and progress made by the subjects tested in our research. The analysis of these types of exercise by' using aids leads to the conclusions that, by the large number of repeats, the intensity and attractiveness of the work, by inducing the qualities of attention and decision - making, we aimed at improving both the technical factor and the other coaching components.
Supracompensarea - teorie invatarea practica (Supercompensation - theory and practice)
Napoleon BERCARU
Rezumat: Teoria supracompensarii necesita inca multe observatii si completari. Super-supracompensarea "fortata" exista de mult timp in sport. In viitor, in special in lupta impotriva dopingului, teoria supracompensarii va juca un rol mai important in sport cu ajutorul cercetarii stiintifice.
Summay: The theory of overccommpesnation needs yet many observations and completions. The "forced" super-overcompensation exists for long ago in sport. In the future, especially in the fight against doping, the theory of overcompensation will have a more important roll, in the field of sports, with the help of scientific research.
Criza jocurilor Sportive (Sports plays crisis)
loan IACIB, Oana BRAHARU, Cristian R. GHEORGHIU
Calendarul evenimentelor interne si internationale 1998 - 1999 (Internal and international events calendar) .
Nr.11/1998
Consideratii privind protectia juridica a creatiilor sportive (Considerations about sport creations juridical protection)
Alexandru-Virgil VOICU
Rezumat: Cunoscand importanta acestui fenomen social care este activitatea sportiva, mai ales ca acesta este considerat un factor de cultura, pornind de la premisa ca orice persoana are dreptul sa ia parte la viata culturala a comunitatii sale si totodata ca fiecare are dreptul la protectia intereselor sale morale si materiale decurgand din productia stiinfifica, literara si artistica al carei autor este, nu putem deci, sa nu incercam, asemenea altor state, de a proteja creatiile sportive atat ale persoanelor fizice si, in unele conditii, ale persoanelor juridice. Drepturile ce ar fi recunoscute autorilor creatiilor sportive, ar putea fi cuprinse in categoria drepturilor vecine si conexe asemenea drepturilor recunoscute artistilor interpreti si executanti, producatorilor de fonograme si de videograme, precum si intreprinderilor de comunicare audiovizualii. Astfel, dreptul autorilor creatiilor sportive si anume, dreptul lor morala nume, la calitatea de autor, si la intangibilitatea interpretarii; sau executarii vor fi si ele expres recunoscute de majoritatea legislatiilor, dat fiind ca a facut si obiectul Actului de la Roma al Conventiei la Uniunea de la Berna. Mai mult chiar, putem afirma ca nu vedem nici un impediment la recunoasterea drepturilor autorilor creatiilor sportive, chiar in legislatiile care nu cuprind 0 dispozitie expresa in acest sens - asa cum jurisprudenta a recunoscut toate drepturile artistilor interpreti si executanti (si a celorlalte categorii carora Ie sunt recunoscute drepturile vecine si conexe), tot asa ar putea recunoaste aceste drepturi si autorilor creatiilor sportive.
Summary: Being acquainted with the importance of this social fact which is sports activity especially because it is regarded a cultural factor, too, starting from the premise that any person is allowed to take part in the cultural life of his community and that everyone has the right to the protection of his moral and material interests deriving from the scientific, literary and artistic production of which author he is, that is why we must try like the other states, to protect the sports creations both of the physical person and, in some circumstances, those of the juridical ones. The rights that can be recognized to the authors of sports creations can be included in the category of neighboring and connective rights like the rights recognized to interpretive and executive artists, to producers of phonographs and videographies, as well as to enterprises of audiovisual communication.
Contributii.la modernizarea predarii educatiei fizice si sportului in invatamantul superior (Contributions to the sport and physical education learning modernization in .the higher education)
Dumitru COLIBABA-EVULET, Emil CONSTATINESCU, Ana RADUCANU
Rezumat: Lucrarea isi propune sa elaboreze un concept general de gandire si activare didacticii in stare sa precizeze, ordoneze si expliciteze un sistem de operatiuni instructiv educative care sa asigure intotdeauna finalitatile sau obiectivele didactice propuse. De fapt aceasta este "riviera" tuturor dascalilor din lume si din toate timpurile, adica sa reuseasca intotdeauna sa realizeze finalitatile propuse. Autorii constata ca activitatea sportiva cu studentii se desfiasoara inca sub imperiul improvizatiei, a confuziilor si ambiguitatilor didactice si mai ales nu tine seama de trebuintele si motivatiile actuale ale studentilor. Pentru inlaturarea acestor impedimente este necesara 0 noua mentalitate didacticii bazata pe exigentele si vigoarea design-ului instructional. Astfel, extrapolarea desing-ului instructional (fig. 1) in domeniul educatiei fizice si sportului este prezentata de autori in fig. 2. Aceasta schema este atat de clar expusa astfel incat orice profesor sa0 poata aplica in practica si sa desfiasoare activitati didactice eficiente si de calitate. In schema sunt prezentate etapele operatiunilor design-ului instructional care focalizeaza in prezent obiectivele instructionale propuse. Pentru atestarea conceptului autorii desfasfoara un experiment pilot ajungand la rezultate destul de edificatoare, insa numai dupa preocupari riguroase de aplicare in practica.
Summary: The work, wants to elaborate a general concept of thinking and didactic activity able to specify, regulate and explain a system of educational operations which to ensure the finalities or the didactic purposes. In fact, this is the dream of everywhere and all time teachers, menacingly to succeed always in achieving the proposed finalities . The authors notice that the sports activity with the students in taking place under the dominion of improvisation, confusions and didactic ambiguities and especially does not take into account the students actual needs and motivation. To remove these impediments is necessary a new didactic mentality, based on exigencies and vigor of instructional design. Thus, the transfer of instructional design (fig. 1) to the domain of physical education and sports is showed in fig. 2. The plan is so clear that every teacher can apply it practice, achieving efficient didactic activities. the plan shows the steps and operations of instructional design which focuses on the proposed instructional purposes. To certify the concept, the authors realize a pilot experiment,. reaching quite illustrating
Studiu privind manifestarea detentei (fortei explozive) intre 7-18 ani (Study concerning springiness manifestation (explosive for between 7-18 years old)
Gloria RATA . Bogdan RATA.
Rezumat: Elaborarea prezentului studiu a pornit de la ideea existentei diferentelor in manifestarea fortei explozive, atat pe perioada de varsta cuprinsa intre 7 si 18 ani cat si intre baieti si fete. Aceste diferente se manifesta in mod diferit de la un an la altul att la fete cat si la baiefi, dar si comparativ intre fete si baieti. Cunoasterea acestor manifestari, cat si a varstei la care salturile manifestarilor sunt mai mari reprezinta o usurare a muncii specialistilor selectioneri si a muncii antrenorilor.
Summary: The elaboration of this study sets out of the idea of the existence of differences in the explosive force manifestation at the age of 7-18 years old as well as between boys and girls. These differences manifest themselves differently from an year to an other at girls as well as at boys but also comparatively between girls and boys. The knowledge of these manifestations as·well as at the age when the manifestations leaps are greater represents an expert selectionists and coaches work relief.
Relatii intre scorul Raven si performanta in invatarea motrica (Relations between the·raven score and the performance in the motory educationlteaching)
Daniela STAN, Florentina TONITA, Ela AMARIE. .
Rezumat: Se presupune unei relatii intre scorul RAVEN si performanta in invatarea motrica posibil a fi quantificate prin metoda de invatare motrica si obiectivare a rezultatelor utilizata. Performantele motrice ale subiectlor cu S.R de 65-74 (respectiv progresul inregistrat fata de momentul initial, nivelul maxim atins in invatare :si posibilitatea de transfer) sunt inferioare celor ale subiectilor cu S.R intre 84-89. Transferul in invatare este redus si lent, performanta medie pe "vizual" din :sedinta a 2-a fiind echivalenta pe "nevizual" abia in sedinta a 8-a.
Summary: It is supposed to exist some relations between the Raven Score and the motory performance that can be quantified through the results objectivation and motory .learninging used method. The subjects motory performances with a R.S. between 65-74 (that is, the registered progress respect the initial moment, the maximum level obtained in teaching and the transfer possibility) are inferior to those of the subjects with the RS. between 84-89. The transfer in learning is reduced and slow, the average performance on the "visual' from the second training. lesson being
Contraatacul, arma indispensabila handbalului modern – intr-o noua viziune (The counter attack an indispensable weapon for the modern handball in a new vision)
Constantin RIZESCU, Elvira NICA
Rezumat: Aceasta noua conceptie in abordarea contraatacului, ca faza a atacului, este izvorata din realitatea actuala a jocului de handbal. Marile competitii internationale au pus in evidenta permanenta evolutie a jocului, atat in privinta jucatorilor - dezvoltare somatica, nivel al calitatilor motrice, tehnica individuala - cat si a jocului in sine - actiuni tehnico-tactice, combinatii tactice, sistemede joc in atac si in aparare.
Summary: This new conception in the counter attack approach, as a phase of the attack, results from the present reality of the handball game. The great international competitions give emphasis to the permanent evolution of the game concerning the players (somatical development, motory capacities level, individual technique) as well as the game itself (technico-tactical actions, tactical schemes combinations, in offensive and defensive playing
Cei "4" ai performantei sportive adaptati la programul de reabilitare motorie (The "4th a"ot the sport·performance adapted to the motory rehabilitation programme)
Maria Andreea NAGY .
Rezumat: Antrenamentul sportiv total cuprinde si antrenament psihologic (Epuran). Pregatirea fizica este indisolubil legata de cea psihica, astfel psihoterapia trebuie regasita in fiecare antrenament sportiv. Ea poate fi realizata prin metode simple, la indemana oricui (discutia, explicatia, demonstratia, etc), dar rezultatele de varf se obtin prin folosirea unor metode complexe, elaborate si persevere Sportivul respecta cu mai multa incredere un antrenament pe care-l intelege, pe care l-a mai efectuat sau/si care ii este administrat de cineva in care are incredere. Sedinta de kinetorerapie, ca si antrenamentul sportiv,influenteaza pe plan fizic si psihic pe cei care sunt supusi procesului respectiv (recuperare sau pregatire). Principiul celor "4Ş" ai performantei sportive" poate fi extins si in domeniul kinetoterapie, prin abordarea bio-psiho-sociala a pacientilor. De asemenea, un program de recuperare complex, riguros, creativ si sustinut psihologic se impune in recuperarea sportivilor accidentati pentru ca perioada de inactivitate sportiva sa fie cat mai redusa.
Summary: Total sporting training includes also the psychological trained (Epuran). Physical preparation is indubitably linked to the psychology preparation, so that psychotherapy must be found in every sporty training it can be done by simple methods, that every one can
use (discussion, explanation, demonstration, a.s.o.), but top results c be obtained by using complex methods elaborated and persevering. TJ sportsman respects and trusts more a training that he understands a that he had done before and which is administered by someone trusts. The kinetoterapie session and the sporting training influence physical and psychical the ones who are under the influence of t process in question (rehabilitations or training). The principle of the" of the sporting performance" can also be developed in the field kinetoterapie by using a bio-psycho-social approach of the patients. Also a complex program of rehabilitation must be rigorous, creative and with psychological support. This program is necessary in the rehabilitation injured sportsmen so that the inactive sporting period be as short.
Nr.12/1998
Sportul ca factor de integrare sociala (Sport as a social integration factor)
Heinz KELLER, Markus LAMPRECHT, Hansapeter STAMM
Rezumat: Le present aperçu montre clairement que Ie sport n' a pas seulement une ou deux fonctions bien definies d'integration; Aujourd'hui, le role qu'il peut jouer pour l'integration des jeunes est presque aussi diffus que l'evolution de la societe. De maniere generale, on peut retenir toutefois que le sport peut – et a plusieurs egards - apporter une contribution positive a l'integration sociale des membres de la societe, et tout particulierement de ses jeunes membres.
Consideratii teoretice privind socializarea in gimnastica artistica (Theoretical aspects of socialization in artistic gymnastic)
Vasilica GRIGORE
Rezumat: Proces al integrarii in viata sociala, socializarea ofera posibilitatea de adaptare a individului la asttel de viata. Vorbind· despre sport, exista un asttel de proces si aici asa-numita "socializarea sportiva". Definim aceasta socializare sportiva ca "un procea de adaptare a individului la statutul de sportiv prin acceptarea, asimilarea si aplicarea experientei, regulamentelor, regulilor si rutinelor care actioneaza atat in sport cat si in afara lui si toate tipurile de relatii interpersonale". Socializarea sportiva incepe de la selectie si continua intreaga cariera sportiva. Ea se produce prin mai multi factori ca: grupul de apartenenta, scoala, modele si masa-media. Pentru realizarea socializarii putem utiliza o multime de modalitati (forme) care actioneaza concret in practica sportiva cum ar fi: antrenamentul, competitia, cantonamentul, cunoasterea grupului de apartenenta si activitatile de loisir. Toate acestea actioneaza prin exercifiile de incalzire, balet si pregatire fizica, dansuri si programe scenice, jocuri acrobatice si jocuri cu rol, acordarea ajutorului pentru miscari dificile, de asemenea, prin aplicarea regulamentelor si regulilor de comportament in spatiul in care se desfasoara competifia, imbunatatirea relatiilor interperesonale si a comunicarii cu ceilalti, prin programe comune de antrenament si timpul liber servirea mesei, pregatirea impreuna a lectiilor, vizionarea de filme ori alte spectacole, vizite reciproce, petrecerea vacantelor impreuna. Toate aceste activitati au ca rezultat imbunatatirea relatiilor interpersonale, a comunicarii, socializarea, aparitia empatiei si a sentimentelor de "noi".
Summary: Process of integration in social life socialization offer the possibility to adopt the individual to such a life. Speaking about sport, these is such a process too, so called "sportive socialization". We defined this as "the process for adapting the individual to the sportman status by accepting, assimiling and appling the regulation, rules and routines who acts both in sport and others fields and all types of interpersonal relationships". Sport socialization begins from selection and continues during entire sport carrier. It is produced by many factors like: member ship, school, models, mass-media. For realizing socialization we can use lot of modalities who acts concrete in sportive practice, like: training, competition, training-camp, know edging the member ship and loisir activities. All of these are acting through warm-up, ballet and physical preparation exercises, dances and scenic programs, acrobatically games, special games, giving help for difficult movements; also through appling the regulations and the behavior rules in the competition space, trough improving interpersonal relationship and communication with the others, through mutual programs for training and for free-time, having lunch together, preparing homework, going to the movies and others shows, visiting each others, spending holydays together. All this activities have as result the improvement of interpersonal relationships and communication, socialization, the appearance of empathie and the feeling, meaning as.
Cateva consideratiuni juridice privitoare la relatia obtinerea excelentei in sport cateva consideratiuni juridice si deontologice –integrare si implinire sociala a excelentului in sport (Some juridical and deontological specification about the relationship: obtaining the excellency in sports - bringing in and social fulfillment of the excellency in sport)
Alexandru-Virgil VOICU
Rezumat: Atunci cand ne referim la problematica eticii practice sau a deontologiei pedagogice propriu-zise, nu avem cum sa nu ne referim si la aspectele care privesc profilul moral al educatorului, continutul si Calitatea muncii educative. in unele cazuri, in care constiinta profesionala a antrenorului nu este suficient de conturata, poate sa se ajunga la 0 stare de conflict intre datorie idealurile personale. Educatia se realizeaza nu numai in institutiile scolare si familie, ci si oriunde ttaiesc, conlucreaza sau se intalnesc doi sau mai multi membri ai societatii - deci, si in comunitatile in care se realizeaza experienta sportiva. in domeniul educafiei fizice si sportului, realitatea ne dovedeste ca, nu este suficient ca abaterile antrenorului sa fie sanctionate numai moral ci si etic. Este neoesar ca antrenorul sa fie constient si de consecintele juridice ale conduitelor neconforme cu etica profesionala. 0 asemenea responsabilitate revine si celor care realizeaza formarea formatorilor sportivilor de performanta. Orice abatere, de la exigenta continutului stiinfitic si pedagogic atat a pregatirii, cat si a evaluarii viitorilor profesori de educatie fizica si sport, poate constitui un cadru favorizant conduitelor ilicite de pe "terenul de sport".
Summary: Referring to the problem of practical ethic of the instruction or of the proper pedagogical deontology we cannot omit the facts concerning the morale profile of the educator, the content and the quality of the instructive work. In some cases, in which the professional conscience of the coach is nor adequately outlined, it can reach a conflict between duty and the personal ideals. The instruction is done not only in schools and in the family but everywhere they live, where two or more members of the society collaborate or meet - so, in the communities where the sports excellency is also achieved. In the field of physical training and sports, the reality proves us the fact that it is not enough to punish the coach is faults morally and ethically. It is necessary that the coach to be also aware of the juridical consequences of the conducts whish are not in accordance with the professional ethic. Such a responsibility is the task of those who succeed to train the makers of the sportsmen of performance. Any fault, in the exigency of the scientific and pedagogical content both of the estimation the future teachers of physical training and sports and of training them, can be an encouraging
Sportul astazi: intre olimpism si afacere; necesitatea marketingului sportiv (The sport nowadays: between the olympism and the business. The sport marketing necessity)
Virginia OPRISAN
Rezumat: Lucrarea isi propune sa atraga atentia asupra necesitatii adoptarii unei optici de marketing in activitatea organizatiilor sportive din Romania. in sprijinul acestei idei sunt prezentate cateva din trasaturile actuale ale complexului fenomem numit sport, in care elementul economic este optimizat. Pornind de la definitia marketingului, ca stiinta moderna, aplicativa, de conducere a activitatilor economice si sociale, se defineste marketingul sportiv mentionandu-se tipologia acestuia. Sunt prezentate motivele expertizei de marketing, caracteristicile unice ale sportului ca produs de piata, precum specificitatea marketingului olimpic. Dimensiunea internationala a sportului impune necesitatea alinierii sportului romanesc la tendintele si evolutiile internationale, inclusiv prin adoptarea marketingului la nivel conceptual si practic. In final sunt prezentate argumentele dar si dificultatile de aplicare a marketingului sportiv in Romania, in etapa actuala.
Summary:The paper intends to draw the attention on the need to adopt a marketing approach in the activity of sports organizations in Romania. This idea is supported by today's features of the complex phenomenon called sport, in which the economic element is now omnipresent. Starting from the definition of marketing, as a modern applied science of managing economical and social activities, sport marketing and its possible typology are defined. There are also presented the reasons for marketing expertise the unique characteristics of sport as a market product and the specific issues of Olympic marketing. The international dimension of sports calls upon the need to harmonize the Romanian sports with the international sports evolutions and trends, inclusively through the adoption of marketing at the conceptual and practical levels. Finally, the reasons are given but equally the difficulties that may occur in thw application of sport marketing in Romania at prezent.
Relatii intre capacitatea de control al miscarii, performanta mentala si nivelul pregatirii fizice (Relations between movement control capacity, mental performance and physical training)
Daniela STAN, Emilian POPA, Vladimir SCHOR, Ela MARIE
Rezumat: Se presupune existenta unor relatii intre capacitatea de control al miscarii, performanta mentala si nivelul pregatirii fizice, posibil a fi quantificate prin metoda de testare a invatarii motrice utilizate. Aspectul esential relevat este reprezentat de faptul ca deficientii mintali prezinta un nivel al performantelor de control al miscarii apropiat ca valoare (usor superior) de cel al copiilor nesportivi de aceeasi varsta mentala; diferenta foarte mare intre performantele populatiei sportive si ale celei nesportive; o diferenta foarte mica intre sportivii de 12 ani si sportivii de 17 ani.
Summary: It is supposed to exist a relation between the control capacity of the movement, the mental performance and the level of the· physical preparation that can be quantified using the·motory teaching test method . The principal aspect pointed out is represented by the fact that the mentally deficients have a level of the movement control performance near as value (a little higher) the non -sportive children with the same mental age. There is a concordance between the mental development tests and the movement control test (figures 1,5); Very ·important difference between the sportive population performances and those of the non-sportive population An insignificant difference between the 12 years old athletes and the 17 years old ones.
Nr.13/1998
Aspecte ale socializarii in activitatea sportiva (Aspects of the socialization in sports activities)
Mihai EPURAN .
Rezumat :Conferinta stiintifica propune aceasta tema adresata tuturor celor care, intr-un fel sau altul, sunt implicat in cercetarea stiintifica si aplicatiile practice ale acesteia, pentru a gandi mai specific si a stimula o deschidere utila in domeniu.
Evolutia si interpretarea conceptului de dopaj (Doping concept interpretation and evolution)
loan DRAGAN
Rezumat: Afacerea FESTINA izbucnita cu ocazia tutul cyclist al Frantei 1998 va insangera anul sportiv 1998, an dominat de Coupe du Monde (fotbal) cucerita fara drept de apel de echipa Frantei, invingatoare cu 3-0 in finala acestei intreceri sportive.
Finalitatea aplicativa a activitatilor de cercetare pentru sportul de performanta (Research activities'applicative finality in high level sports)
Pierre Joseph de HILLERIN .
Rezumat: Lucrarea trece in revista acateva probleme privitoare la legatura dintre activitatile de cercetare si practica antrenamentului sportiv, probleme ce isi fac aparitia cu o frecventa ridicata atat printre cei preocupati de dezvoltarea stiintei sportului din Romania, cat si printre cei a caror preocupare principala este productia si administrarea performantei sportive.
Jocul sportiv ca dimensiune a socializarii in sport (Sports game as a dimension of socialization in sport)
Marcel SERBAN
Rezumat: Stresul sociometric se regaseste bine conturat in jocurile sportive in ceea ce priveste socializarea sportivilor si se manifesta intrapersonal si intragrup. Nivelul de performanta (starea sistemului) asigura confortul personal si posibilitatea de a realiza performante sportive remarcabile, daca aspectele de socializare se armonizeaza cu personalitatea sportivului si cu nivelul lui de aspiratie.
O posibila interpretare a conceptelor de valoare si nonvaloare in sport (A possible interpretation of the value and non·value concepts in sport)
Mariana MAROLICARU.
Rezumat: Lucrarea abordeaza ideea conform careia valoarea poate fi stabilita numai in raport cu progresul social, cu desavarsirea personalitatii umane, la fel si antivaloarea poate fi definita in aceste coordonate. Antivaloarea nu numai ca poate duce la franarea progresului, dar poate mutila personalitatea umana.
Antropologia sportului - aspecte naturale si culturale (Sport anthropology - natural and cultural aspects)
Denisa TALABAN .
Rezumat: Antropologia generala are ca obiect studiul speciei umane in intinderea sa spatiala si temporala, in formele sale concrete de existenta, iar antropologia sportului studiaza grupurile sportive compune din indivizi umani specializati in practicarea, in anumite scopuri, a unei tensiuni musculare sistematice., scopul antrolopogiei sportului fiind acela de intelegere a fenomenului sportiv in diversitatea si complexitatea sa si integrarea cunostintelor despre sport in campul de cunoastere al speciei si al fenomenului sportiv.
Formarea specialistilor in sport (sinteza asupra unei perspective europene) (Specialists formation in sports : European perspective synthesis)
Andrei B. TEODORESCU
Rezumat:Materialul este structurat astfel incat sa poata servi ca punct de referinta informational si ca o baza de discutii in contextual in care intreaga structura sportiva din Romania este supusa unui complex process de prefacere.
Studiu asupra fenomenului de socializare in sportul de performanta juvenila (Study on the socialization phenomenon in junior performance sport)
Octavian UNGUREANU
Rezumat: Plecand de la realitatea cadrului economico-social, ipoteza studiului se sprijina pe posibilitatea de a cunoaste si a interveni asupra unor elemente de socializare (formative si de integrare) care sa contribuie la cresterea capacitatii de performanta a esaloanelor tinere.
Standardizarea internationala a dozarii computerizarea metabolitilor nortestosteronului excretati renal (The international standardization of the computerised dosage of the renal excreted nortestosterone metabolites)
Ruxandra MIHAILESCU .
Rezumat: Nortestosteroul se comercializeaza sub mai multe denumiri, fiind cel mai raspandit printre sportivii de performanta, lucru constatat la controalele efectuate. Acesta a fost motivul pentru care s-a decis introducerea testului cantitativ pe lanbdi cel calitativ pentru nortestosteron. Probele au fost extrase conform unui protocol, s-a folosit un singur procedeu de extractie pentru cele patru functii.
Modelul de joc si modelarea pregatirii (The game model and training modelling)
Dumitru Evulet COLIBABA
Rezumat: Problema conceptelor de model-modelare a fost pe larg dezbatuta, starnind numeroase controverse intre specialistii din domeniu. Unele au fost declansate de ambiguitati in ceea ce priveste maniera de constructie a modelelor specifice sporturilor individuale. In acest context, lucrarea noastra prezinta un exemplului concret de constructie a unei secvente esentiale al originalului (a jocului propriu-zis, respective: contraatacul, atacul rapid si de tranzitie in baschet) care inlesneste in continuare aplicarea operatiilor de analogie si modelare a procesului de pregatire.
Intensificarea controlului neuromuscular prin mijloace specifice pregatirii inotatorilor de-nivel I (17, 18,ani) (Neuromuscular control intensification through specific' training methods of ,level 1swimmers (17 - 18 years old))
Narcis Florian NEAGU
Rezumat: Consideram ca ansamblul aptitudinilor coordinative stapanit de sportivi, componenta principala a procesului de organizare si reglare a comportamentului , poate fi influentat de masura gradului de sensibilizare a sistemelor senzitiv-senzoriale, respective de puterea discriminatory a analizatorilor implicati in miscare. Ipoteza ce sta la baza studiului este: includerea in cadrul antrenamentelor a metodelor si mijloacelor specifice performantelor sportive ale inotatorilor.
